POS Tags adj Adjective   adv Adverb   cnj Conjunction   ij Interjection   n Noun   np Proper Name   num Number   pnct Punctuation   postp Postposition   prn Pronoun   v Verb   vaux Auxiliary Verb   Nominal morphemes Plural Suffix pl Plural suffix ev-ler `houses Case suffixes abl Ablative case ev-den `from the house' acc Accusative case ev-i dat Dative case ev-e `to the house' gen Genitive case ev-in `the one that belongs the house' ins Instrumental/comitative case This one also has a clitic equivalent `ile', and is not considered as a case for most grammar books. Probably this has three different functions. (1) and: `araba-yla evi sattık' (we sold the car and the house). (2) instrumental case: `araba-yla eve gittik' (we went home with the car). (3) comitative case: `Ali-yle eve gittik' (we went home with Ali). Current version of TRmorph uses single symbol for all three senses.
ev-le `with the house' loc Locative case ev-de `in/on/at the house' Possessive Suffixes p1p 1st person pulural possessive ev-imiz `our house' p1s 1st person singular possessive ev-im `my house' p2p 2nd person pulural possessive ev-iniz `your house' p2s 2nd person singular possessive ev-in `your house' p3p 3rd person pulural possessive ev-leri `their house' p3s 3rd person singular possessive ev-i `his/her/its house' ki ki ki -ki attaches to the nominals in locative and genitive case and forms "attributive adjectival phrases or pronominal expressions" (G&K). It can attach to the same word multiple times.
ev-de-ki-nin-ki `the one that belongs to the person in the house' Morphemes that attach to (mostly) verbs Compound verb morphemes abil Ability gör-ebil `to be able to see' adur Continuously This is not very productive. agel Agel This is not very productive. agor Agor This is not very productive. akal Akal This is not very productive. akoy Akal This is not very productive. ayaz Ayaz This is not very productive. iver Quickly yıka-yıver `wash it quickly' Copular suffixes cpl_di Past copula gel-iyor `he/she/it is coming', gel-iyor-du `he/she/it was coming' cpl_mis Evidential copula gel-iyor `he/she/it is coming', gel-iyor-muş `(it is said that) he/she/it was coming' cpl_sa Conditional copula gel-iyor `he/she/it is coming', gel-iyor-sa `if he/she/it is coming' dir DIr This suffix (except a few exceptions) follows person agreement, serves a number of purposes including introducing supposition, nominal predicates (especially in formal language). G&K calls this suffix 'generalized modality marker', Kornfilt treats it (more or less) as a copula.
doktor-dur `(supposedly) s/he is a doctor' (note that this -dur is generally not used in spoken language if supposition is not implied) Negative marker(s) neg Negative marker We do not distinguish between the `regular' negative marker -me/-ma and -e/-a before -abil. Person Agreement 1p 1st person plural gör-dü-k `We saw' 1s 1st person singular gör-dü-m `I saw' 2p 2nd person plural/formal gör-dü-nüz `you saw' 2s 2nd person singular gör-dü-n `you saw' 3p 3rd person plural gör-dü-ler `they saw' 3s 3rd person singular gör-dü `he/she/it saw' (null morpheme) Sobordinating Suffixes cv Converb markers These makers form subordinating clauses with adverbial function. Most of the suffixes that form converbs can also form other forms of subordination (verbal nouns and participles). Normally, the converbial markers has a restricted context, i.e., they serve as cv only if they are followed by certain morphemes or words (particles). Current version of TRmorph does not fully restrict these.
gör-mek için gittim `I went in order to see'. part Participle markers These are a few morphemes that make non-finite verbs of relative clauses.
gör-düğ-üm film `the movie that I saw' vn Verbal Noun Markers These are a number of morphemes that form noun clauses from non-finita verbs. Together with Participles and Converbs, previous versions of TRmorph used to assign different analysis symbols to each morpheme. This version does not make this distinction.
gör-mey-e gittim `I went to see'. Tense/aspect/modality markers t_aor Aorist gör-ür `he/she/it sees (something)' t_cond Conditional It can also give the optative mood.
gör-se `if he/she/it sees' t_cont Continuous tense gör-üyor `he/she/it is seeing (something)' t_fut Future tense gör-ecek `he/she/it will se (something)' t_makta ??Continuos/progressive/imperfective This is similar to t_cont, but used less frequently. Most of the time it is used in formal situations, and has a more definite progressive sense (-yor can be used for future events as well).
gör-mekte `he/she/it is seeing (something)' t_narr Narrative (or evidential) past tense gör-müş `it is evident/said that he/she/it saw (something)' t_obl Obligation gör-meli `he/she/it must see (something)' t_opt Optative Indicates wish and hope, it can also have imperative meaning (archaic). Note that t_cond below may also indicate the same mood.
bitir-e `(I) wish/hope/order that he/she/it finishes' t_past Past tense gör-dü `he/she/it saw (something)' Voice caus Causative Causative suffix can be attached to the same stem multiple times.
yika-t-tır `to make someone have (something) washed' pass Passive sev-il `to be loved' rec Reciprocal sev `to love' -> sev-iş `to love each other' or `make love' ref Reflexive yıka `to wash' -> yıka-n `to wash oneself'